Criminal Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Criminal Law - Essay Example It was held that in determining whether or not the defendant lost his/her self-control, the jury may consider that are not confined to the defendant’s age and gender.6 Therefore Douglas, having just returned from a long road trip and having found his young wife in bed with his neighbour may be mitigating factors. Douglas appears to have been in total control however. He went to a pub which might indicate that the incident did not provoke him to such an extent that he lost control and acted in the heat of passion. However, by virtue of Section 54(2) of the 2009 the loss of self-control element does not have to be sudden.7 Therefore the fact that Douglas went to a pub after finding his wife in bed with the neighbour prior to stabbing the neighbour will not be a factor in his defence of provocation. The most significant problem for Douglas is proving that the stabbing was not an act of revenge. According to Section 54(4), Section 54(1) will not apply if â€Å"D acted in a consid ered desire for revenge†.8 However, since the 2009 Act fails to define what is a â€Å"considered desire for revenge† this part of the provocation defence is difficult to assess at this time. It may be that Douglas’ intoxication may act as evidence that he was not acting in revenge since the word considered tends to suggest that some thought and preparation preceded the act. The ultimate test for Douglas is provided for under Section 55 of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009. Section 55 provides that the qualifying trigger is satisfied if things that were said and/or done were of an â€Å"extremely grave character† and â€Å"caused D to have a justifiable sense of being seriously wronged†.9 In this regard, having returned home from a long road trip and finding his young wife in bed with the neighbour may be considered conduct of a seriously grave character to justify a sense of being seriously wronged. Unfortunately, Section 55(c) will deprive Douglas of this defence because, infidelity is not a qualifying trigger. 10 Douglas will therefore not be able to use the provocation defence by virtue of Section 54 of the 2009 Act. The defence of intoxication relies on distinguishing between being drunk and intoxicated. For instance an individual may be drunk when he/she commits a criminal act that he/she would not otherwise commit in a sober state. However, the defence of intoxication is not available if the mens rea for the offence charged was formed while the defendant was drunk.11 As the court cautioned in Sheehan, â€Å"a drunken intent is nevertheless an intent†.12 The court went on to state that: The jury should merely be instructed to have regard to all the evidence, including that relating to drink, to draw such inferences as they think proper from the evidence, and on that basis to ask themselves whether they feel sure that at the material time the defendant had the requisite intent.13 This ruling is very important to Do uglas’s defence of intoxication. This means that the jury is entitled to take into consideration the facts and circumstances occurring prior to Douglas’

Administrative law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Administrative law - Essay Example isability act it is deemed statutory that individuals with such incapacitation be assisted and financed to enhance their ability to attain their potential with sustainable resources. Barry was therefore, referred to the social department of Gloucestershire council on 15 September which adequately assessed her needs and made arrangements to provide her with the services (Aden Chambers, 2010). As assessed he was to be supported with home care support for shopping, pension, laundry and cleaning services and provision of meals on wheals 4 days a week. She used to receive routine visits from the department officials where nearly after some time her needs were re assessed and identified to be the same. However, on 29 September 2004 after the review she received communication from the department stating a drop on some key services offered by the local authority citing lack of sufficient funding from the central Government (Diamond 2009, P, 345). This solidly initiated the need for legal red ress to enable provision of entire services by the department. The case was heard and determined by judges as analysed below (Aden Chambers 2010). In his outset assertion based on legal provisions of the land, Judge Lloyd categorically stated that the local department had a statutory duty of providing disadvantaged individuals with necessary life essentials (Pumwar and Peloquin, 2011, p. 63). Although he ruled that the local council had no power to regulate percentage resources allocated by the central Government, he noted that local authority had an obligatory duty to discharge and that their resource constraints had no bearing. He state that once the assessment and amicable agreement was done the department in whatever state should have not reneged from providing the services to Barger (Kaldor, 2003, p.56). He stated in his ruling â€Å"The defendant’s actions were unlawful for the reason that on the sole basis of having exhausted available resources, withdrawn services previously

Prevention is better than cure

Prevention is better than cure Prevention is better than cure The current raging debate on healthcare should give us time to ponder over several issues. The need of the hour is to decrease the rapidly escalating cost of health care, expand its coverage and ensure that Medicare and Medicaid are viable future propositions. We should put our faith in the old adage that prevention is better than cure. Primary care should be easily accessible to USs uninsured and underinsured people. People should also be offered incentives in order to bring about much needed change in the ways they take care of their health. The Congress has a major role to play in making prevention the key and basic principal of health care reforms. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 133 million people in the country are victims of at least one chronic disease. It is estimated that more than 75% of the two trillion dollars allocated for health are being utilized to fight chronic diseases. The figures are alarming. One out of every four Americans may be victims of two or more chronic diseases by the year 2025. The majority of Medicares funds are spent on treating patients suffering from chronic illnesses. It is estimated that Medicaid spends 80% of its funds in treating chronic diseases which are increasing rapidly. The Congressional Budget Office prophesizes that unless drastic action is taken health care expenditure is likely to increase from 17 percent of GDP today to 49 percent in 2082. Federal expenditure on Medicare and Medicaid is expected to shoot up from 4 percent of GDP to a staggering   20 %. The silver lining on this ominous cloud is the fact that most chronic diseases can be prevented. Preventing a few can lead to a multiplier effect. If one were to launch a campaign of national awareness on how to decrease diabetes and obesity it will also lead to lesser number of   people suffering from heart disease and stroke besides reducing medical costs in addition to the trauma and suffering that a patient undergoes. These four chronic diseases alone consume 75% of one trillion dollars. A few skeptics claim that there would be negligible or very little savings from preventive measures. This fear however is unfounded as facts prove otherwise. A study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine in 2005 reveal that a federally sponsored program to prevent diabetes in pre diabetic patients generated remarkable cost savings. Several studies conducted prove conclusively that educating consumers about life style management and health care resulted in cutting down medical services by 20%. Academic health centers such as the Johns Hopkins University and the University of Maryland in Baltimore can play a pivotal role in conducting incentive based prevention programs. This will enable people at high risk to receive treatment at an early stage which can reduce medical costs drastically. A major drive for preventive health care is the need of the hour to keep health care costs under control otherwise courting disaster will be the only answer. Third article JAMA Application of Comparative Utilization Data in Managed care Organizations One of the main problems facing managed care organizations all over the US is data management. One of the key elements contributing to successful running of MCOs relies on the way they utilize data. A multi dimensional approach to data management is necessary for efficient working. One of the main contributing factors is the effective application of comparative utilization data. One of the chief advantages of using comparative utilization data is that it helps in cost cutting measures in the MCOs and thereby helps them to function efficiently. The MCOs can integrate comparative data into their UM process which will ensure better functioning. External benchmarking is of vital importance. It is of primary importance that MCO managers should make comparisons between their internal utilization patterns and accepted benchmarks from other communities. In performing this task MCO managers face problems like conformity in data-collection techniques as well as comparability between the subject and the benchmark data cost In order to get a clearer picture let us deal with the problems. Conformity of data is a challenging task. The healthcare industry tries its best to compile benchmark data. Several surveys are conducted for this purpose. If a survey is conducted regarding Cardiology costs $PMPM, should sub-capitate invasive cardiology be included? Should the EKGs done by internists who are specializing in cardiology be considered? Such questions demonstrate the pitfalls of collecting data through surveys. Data can prove to be of use if it contains claims-level detail. It should also be consistent Comparability is another hurdle which needs to be overcome. Most feel   â€Å"Data from other markets does not apply here in my City, U.S.A.† Many physicians are averse to considering data from other locales. They may go by the logic that they have higher imaging costs in so and so area as they have seven outpatient CT scanners serving 14000 patients. Such logic does not hold water. If the source of comparative actual data is understood, then it will be able to illuminate the MCOs data by comparison. The amount of services required by people residing in a particular locality should be predictable to a large extent though prices may vary. However there are solutions which will ensure efficient functioning if they are followed. Start benchmarking using good data which pass the conformity and comparability tests. The MCOs data should not have any weakness or loopholes. MCO should also learn to handle benchmark data with care. It should not be considered the last word. . It is to be used to â€Å"uncover clues that might lead to utilization management opportunities.† It is necessary to analyze all variations. If the analyst finds abnormal patterns he should find out a reason for it. Sometimes variations occur because of data errors, fee schedule differences random variation, population differences, regional health trends, benefit differences. Efficient benchmarking does not work without the involvement of physicians at every level. Successful intervention can take place only if there is a high level of communication. If MCOs are able to lay their hands on reliable and superior quality benchmarking data it will make them function more efficiently,   and benefit them in the long run. Fourth article Generic Drugs Many people are not aware of what the term generic drugs actually mean. Generic drugs are basically copies of brand name drugs even though it lacks patent protection.   New innovator medicines are marketed under brand names. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) generic drugs are identical in dose, strength, route of administration, safety, efficacy, and intended use as their brand name counterpart. These are as safe to use as their brand name drug from which they have been copied as the same ingredients are used in their preparation and they have the same effect on our body. The main advantage that generic drugs enjoy over brand name drugs is their cost. They are much cheaper. One of the main reasons behind this is that producers of generic drugs do not have to bear the investment cost like the company developing new drugs. They help companies like Medicare to reduce costs and save patients a lot of money. As these drugs do not enjoy patent protection they face stiff competition, hence they try to keep the price low. Most developing countries are going in for genetic drugs in a big way. Generic drugs can be produced when patents of brand name drugs are near expiration. Companies interested in manufacturing the generic drug can send an application to the FDA. Once approval is granted these drugs can be floated in the market. These drugs also enjoy the fruits of the marketing effort made by the patent drug company. Today generic drugs are widely used. They find their way into half of the prescriptions that qualified physicians write. The facilities used to manufacture both the brand name drug and generic drugs are the same as the two are identical. Generic drugs boast of the same quality as brand name drugs. The FDA prohibits drugs to be manufactured in sub standard facilities. Around 3,500 inspections are conducted by the FDA to ensure that the requisite standards are fulfilled. About half of the brand name firms also produce generic drugs. Many of them even make their own copies. Generic drugs however look different from the brand name drugs they have been copied from. In US trademark laws prohibits the generic drug to look identical to the brand name drug. However even if looks differ the constituents are the same. Colors and flavors are allowed to vary. Contrary to popular opinion all brand name drugs do not possess a generic version. Brand name drugs enjoy patent protection for a period of two decades. Other companies can bring out the generic version only after the patent expires and they gain FDA approval. The use of generic drugs is on the increase. According to IMS health the global sales of generic drugs have shot up from $29 billion in 2003 to $78 billion in 2008

Compare the signal man by Charles Dickens and if she bends, she :: English Literature

Compare the signal man by Charles Dickens and if she bends, she breaks by John Gordon Introduction ============ In my essay I intend to compare the similarities and differences of many aspects of 2 short stories. "The signal man" a pre 20th century story by Charles Dickens and "If she bends she breaks" a post 20th century story. By John Gordon. They are naturally different because of their age. The signal man is pre20th century and is typical of the style of story from that era. If she bends she breaks is post 20th century so it has more modern words and is aimed at a younger audience. The stories themselves are similar in that they are both macarbre ghost stories. Titles ------ The title to every story gives the first impression and can give clues as to what the topic of the story is or what will happen.The signal man is a plain boring title thay does not make people wish to read it.If she bends she breaks on the other hand is an unusual title , it is mysterious and makes you want to read on. But a good title does not necessarily mean a good story. I found the signal man was a much better short story where as if she bends she breaks seemed a better title but it is aimed at young children, is a pretty boring story and the plot is easy to pick up, early in the story. The signal man is a boring title but it lets you know what the story is about without giving away the plot. If she bends she breaks is a very intersting title and you only know what it means when you've read the story so it is very effective. But "if she bends has an unusual title, it makes you want to read it, and only when you read it do you find out what, "if she bends she breakss" mean. "if she bends" title, was very good, the story was not as good, in contrast it was the opposite for "the signal man", it had a plain title, but a good story. Beginings and settings ---------------------- The beginning of the signal man, creates an atmoshpere of the supernatural by, its settings. The settings in the signal man, are descibe by dickens as very dark, solitary, and dismal place, "his post was in as solitary and dismal place", meaing that the signal was all alone, in a very dark, and boring place, which is a typical setting for a ghost story He discribes it as being "a great dungeon" dark, cold, scary, and horrible this gives the reader the sense of pain and torture.

Mystery and suspense Essay

In his essay I am going to show how the writers build up mystery and suspense by looking at four short stories that have been written by † Guy de Maupasant, Edgar Allan Poe and Charles dickens†. In the fist short story I read † a vendetta† what happens is an old lady lives with her so in a little town and one night the son gets killed by a man called Nicolas ravioli then the mum who is a widow and only has the sons dog as a friend. She keeps shut up with the body and then she swears vengeance on to the body. But for months she cant think of anything but then one night she thinks of it she trains the dog to be a killer and makes it bite the neck of the victim then she takes the dog to were the killer lives and the dog kills him on her command. In the second story â€Å"the necklace† it is about a girl which dreams of being rich and have bountiful clothes but she is from a poor family so she marries a civil servant one day he comes home with tickets to a fancy ball at his work but she don’t want to go because she would have nothing to wear so he gives here 400 francs to bye a dress so she goes out and byes the best dress she can find then she has nothing to wear as jewelry so she goes to her rich friend and she lends her a bountiful necklace she goes to the ball and has the best night of there life but than when she gets home she finds she has lost the necklace the they have to replace it for a lot of money even thou they are very poor so she replaces it and has to work 10 long years to pay for it then she talks to her friend and tells her all that has happened and she finds out that it was a fake. In the third essay â€Å"the tell tale heart† there is a man that tells a story about a man who has a problem his boss has and evil eye and this eye really bugs him so he spy’s on him every night and then one night he goes in and kills the old man with the evil eye then he cuts up the man and he berries him under the floor boards then some police inspectors come around and he sits right above the body and then as time goes on he hears the heart of the old man but it is his own then he goes mad and he admits to killing him. In the fourth story † a confession found in a prison† is a story about a man that has a wife his wife’s sister is married to his brother and his wife’s sister has and evil look but one day she has a son and she dyes on holiday then his brother dies so they take in the child but the kid has got the same evil look passed down by the mother so he gets really bugged by it so one day when his wife goes on holiday the man kills the child and berries him in the back garden then he puts grass over him then some police come around and they talk to him in the garden he sits right above the body then the tell him they have some dogs to find the child then the dogs come running in and start sniffing around the ground where he is sitting then they make him move and they dg up he body then he admits it and gets put into prison. In the first story the best bit of suspense is when the lady is trying to teach the dog how to kill. The best bit of suspense in the second story is when they find out that she has gone and lost the necklace. The best bit of suspense in the third story is when he keeps going in at night and looking at the old man when he sleeps. The best bit of suspense in the fourth story is when he finds out that the little child has got the stare that his mum has. I think the best bit of suspense in all of the stories is in last story is that when he berries the body and the gardeners come and put grass on top of the body and he thinks that they will find the body. In the end I think all of the stories have lots of suspense in them but vendetta was my favorite because it has suspense murder in it and they are the types of stories that I like. I think they are all very good and they all show mystery and suspense.

Problems of Conducting Research Into the Causes of Stress Essay

One job when carry oning research into the causes of emphasis is the generalization of the sample. if the sample is restricted ; this has restrictions in footings of generalizing the consequences to the entire population. In the survey by Johansson. a sample of merely 24 workers was used and from a specific occupation type. This sample is unthinking of all occupation types and is excessively little to be applicable to the general population. Decisions made may merely be relevant to this sample. However it could be argued that the factors that cause emphasis in occupations such as deadlines and the dependance of others on you are common in all types of occupations and hence utilizing a sample of the specific occupation type becomes less restricted and applicable to other people in occupations with common stressors. A 2nd job when carry oning research into causes of emphasis is the cogency of measurings. Cogency refers to whether the consequences measure what they are supposed to mensurate and this is frequently affected by the research method. The self study method is frequently questioned in footings of cogency as participants have the ability to give socially desirable replies and maneuver off from the truth. In the survey by Kanner. questionnaires were posted out to participants and a Hassles and uplifts graduated table was asked to be completed every month for 9 months and the Berkman life events graduated table after 10 months. This survey. due to the usage of self study deficiencies in cogency. as researches are diffident as to whether informations obtained reflects the true sentiments of participants. which is an issue when seeking to use to mundane life. However the self study method is utile. despite it missing in cogency. It gives participants the freedom to compose about their ain subjective feelings and due to emphasize being separately perceived otherwise. it is utile in orienting intervention to persons to run into their demands. A 3rd job is reductionism. surveies frequently cut down many factors that cause an single emphasis to one factor. such as in the instance of Johansson survey. it was concluded work was the beginning of emphasis. However single factors such as personality could play a function. research workers do non cognize that emphasis prone persons are more likely to be in a high hazard occupation. By neglecting to take into history other factors. resources and clip may be used in the incorrect country. However reductionism is utile as it does nail an country that causes emphasis and allows in-depth research to be carried out to assist participants.

Free Essays on Interview With A Manager

I interviewed Mark Frederick, a marketing manager at Onvia Inc. A company that helps businesses secures government contracts and government agencies find suppliers online. Mark attended the University of Washington where he earned a degree in History. Soon after graduating, he claimed an entry-level management position at Weyerhaeuser. He needed a job right away because his student loans were about to start collecting, so he took any job that would hire him. From then on forward, Mark realized that management is something he is good at and could do for the rest of his career life. While being a manager was great, there were problems that arose. First, being at such a young age and being a manager was tough when you had 35-45 year olds to manage. He was always looked at as someone with no experience. This major challenge made him resign from his 2-year position and look for another job. It did not take him long to find one. He became a manager for DialAmerica Marketing. A call center for credit card companies. Nevertheless, this situation lasted Mark 3 years, the company closed it offices here in Seattle. When things turned for the worst, Mark was always able to pick up and start all over with no trouble. This is where he is today, at Onvia Inc. He is a senior manager for the marketing and sales department. His major responsibilities that he is accountable are: Managing the daily operations of which include the development and overall performance of a staff of 46 sales associates and 4 Team Leaders. He interviews, hires, coaches, evaluates and develops his sales staff. In addition, he presents marketing and sales training classes for both sales staff and all levels of middle and upper management. However, like all other jobs, there are obstacles and problems that Mark is faced with working at Onvia. He mentioned to me that the company is a start-up and a lot of competition within the company. Many of the employees are newly graduate... Free Essays on Interview With A Manager Free Essays on Interview With A Manager I interviewed Mark Frederick, a marketing manager at Onvia Inc. A company that helps businesses secures government contracts and government agencies find suppliers online. Mark attended the University of Washington where he earned a degree in History. Soon after graduating, he claimed an entry-level management position at Weyerhaeuser. He needed a job right away because his student loans were about to start collecting, so he took any job that would hire him. From then on forward, Mark realized that management is something he is good at and could do for the rest of his career life. While being a manager was great, there were problems that arose. First, being at such a young age and being a manager was tough when you had 35-45 year olds to manage. He was always looked at as someone with no experience. This major challenge made him resign from his 2-year position and look for another job. It did not take him long to find one. He became a manager for DialAmerica Marketing. A call center for credit card companies. Nevertheless, this situation lasted Mark 3 years, the company closed it offices here in Seattle. When things turned for the worst, Mark was always able to pick up and start all over with no trouble. This is where he is today, at Onvia Inc. He is a senior manager for the marketing and sales department. His major responsibilities that he is accountable are: Managing the daily operations of which include the development and overall performance of a staff of 46 sales associates and 4 Team Leaders. He interviews, hires, coaches, evaluates and develops his sales staff. In addition, he presents marketing and sales training classes for both sales staff and all levels of middle and upper management. However, like all other jobs, there are obstacles and problems that Mark is faced with working at Onvia. He mentioned to me that the company is a start-up and a lot of competition within the company. Many of the employees are newly graduate...

Mass Media Creates Rather Than Reflects Social Reality Media Essay Essay Example

Mass Media Creates Rather Than Reflects Social Reality Media Essay Essay Example Mass Media Creates Rather Than Reflects Social Reality Media Essay Paper Mass Media Creates Rather Than Reflects Social Reality Media Essay Paper from e-mails to e-newspapers. This has made it so easy to pass on ; you could easy talk your head and even demo the universe what you ve got through YouTube ( Kuerschner, 2006, p.11 ) . When one is sitting in their life room to watch music picture from MTV, different readings arise, but one thing is common-MTV clearly displays the manner music has developed. MTV has by and large been a symbol of those who are immature and jaunty. The music, the life style of blame stars, stone stars, dad stars have liberally set new standards, which are seriously followed by the immature. MTV has increased its presence in oriental states ; this has been observed as an invasion from the West and a devastation of conventional values. There has been a creative activity of new styles of walking, speaking, vesture, and accordingly believing for the immature oriental heads. For illustration, MTV s epoch in Japan is rapidly associated with the birth of the rebellious Nipponese striplings. However, it is unfeignedly incorrect to believe that the MTV itself creates world from nowhere or to reason that the MTV is responsible for all alterations in the modern-day technologically advanced Japa n. The MTV has really been successful in the western universe, and so in the remainder of the universe merely because it has continued to back up and amplify the values that are inherently held and nurtured by these societies. The modern-day society is more broad, more self-generated, and more rebellious ; this may be as a consequence of industrialisation, and the media serves as an amplifier of such values. If the modern media would alternatively presume a more conservative figure, the expected consequence would be its extinction. ( Connell, 1995, p. 9 ) Information has a important consequence on people lives. For illustration watching the universe cup can do one to see a gamut of emotions, a sense of delectation, jitteriness and even bitterness at the same clip. Watching films can take person s head off from world ; this may convey inspiration to make move in a certain manner. Therefore, information has created a myriad of avenues to the society but at the same clip the society has become to a great extent dependent on these avenues ( Newbold et al. , 2002, p. 31 ) . The movie devising industry is another notable illustration. Several alterations have occurred in this industry and the modern cinematography industry has witnessed extremist alterations in the physical visual aspect of histrions and actresses. Main actresses have become symbols of beauty. Modern films depict beauty as tall and slim. More grounds can be seen from the modern postings and magazine screens display of images of adult females. The societal appetency and gustatory sensation for the adult female organic structure have truly changed over clip. The figure of a adult male is displayed as tall and good built ( Parenti 1990, p. 6 ) . The media has significantly propagated a certain type of beauty. Think about it this manner, what if the media starts to advance short and fat theoretical account of beauty, would it be successful? This inquiry may have more No than yes , this means a uncertainty in the ability of the media to make the beauty that is non inherently held by the soc iety. Another illustration is watching a film of the hero robbing a bank with dramatic inventiveness ; this instills negative messages into the multitudes ( McGillion, C. , 2003, p. 33 ) . Generally stealing is incorrect, but the hero of the film walks out free, and goes to hold fun without any scruples. Such films create negative values that are against the rules of honestness ( Barr, 2000, para.2 ) . However, the media plays a important function in showing facts and worlds say from newspapers on development, finance, justness, poorness, e.t.c, which are existent contemplations of what is go oning in the society ( Newbold, 2002, pp. 219 ) . The values and outlook of the society is displayed as a whole instead than as an person. Renowned scholar James Curran argued that The strong belief aˆÂ ¦ that the media are of import bureaus of influence is loosely right. However, the ways in which the media exert influence are complex and contingent ( p. 158 ) . For illustration the manner the media has reported on terrorist act has truly instilled fright in the heads of people ( Cozens, 2006 ) . The abhorrence of terrorist act has on the other manus turned others into pacificist. The media is arguably the most of import signifier of showing positions and it is itself a potpourri of person s and society s positions ( Fiske 1989, p. 127 ) . With all these said, some view the media as being broad but a closer analysis reveals otherwise, the proprietors of media mercantile establishments are non broad themselves. Media mercantile establishments are concerns that are kept afloat by advertisement grosss. It is true that some media mercantile establishments do a good occupation of being impartial. But when a Television station backs a political campaigner who is sponsored by concern heavy weights it must pay the monetary value ( Kalathi, S, 2004, p.40 ) . Money of class straight buys influence as a consequence it affects how media covers a certain event ( Price, 2002, p. 13 ) . It is a medium for the opinion category to perpetuate their power, wealth and position ( Barr, 2000, p. 17 ) . Therefore, the media in this sense does non reflect world ( Curran, 2002, p. 45 ) . Decision The thesis of this paper is that the media does play a function in making world from underlying social values. Therefore, the media can non make values of its ain. The article puts the comparative advantage and disadvantage of the power of the media in making world, with an accent on the manner the society has inherently allowed this to go on.

1984 Study Guide

1984 Study Guide George Orwells 1984 is such an influential novel that you neednt have read it to notice its effect. With its chilling examination of totalitarian regimes, 1984 changed the language we use to discuss those very regimes. Popular terms like Big Brother, Orwellian, or Newspeak were all originated by Orwell in 1984. The novel was Orwell’s attempt to highlight what he saw as an existential threat posed by authoritarian leaders like Joseph Stalin. It remains a vital commentary on the techniques of brutal totalitarian regimes and only becomes more prescient and applicable as technology catches up with its nightmarish vision. Fast Facts: 1984 Author: George OrwellPublisher: Secker and WarburgYear Published: 1949Genre: Science fictionType of Work: NovelOriginal Language: EnglishThemes: Totalitarianism, destruction of the self, control of informationCharacters: Winston Smith, Julia, O’Brien, Syme, Mr. CharringtonNotable Adaptations: A film adaptation released in 1984 starred John Hurt as Winston and Richard Burton, in his last role, as O’Brien.Fun Fact: Because of his socialist politics and connections to the Communist Party, Orwell himself was under government surveillance for years. Plot Summary Winston Smith lives in what is known as Airstrip One, formerly Britain, a province of a large nation-state known as Oceania. Posters everywhere declare BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU, and Thought Police could be anywhere, watching for signs of Thoughtcrime. Smith works at the Ministry of Truth changing historical texts to match the current propaganda being distributed by the government. Winston longs to rebel, but confines his rebellion to keeping a forbidden journal, which he writes in a corner of his apartment hidden from the two-way television screen on his wall. At work, Winston meets a woman named Julia and begins a forbidden love affair, meeting her in a room he rents above a shop in the midst of the non-party population, known as proles. At work, Winston suspects that his superior, a man named O’Brien, is involved with a resistance movement called The Brotherhood, led by a mysterious man named Emmanuel Goldstein. Winston’s suspicions are confirmed when O’Brien invites him and Julia to join The Brotherhood, but this turns out to be a ruse and the pair are arrested. Winston is brutally tortured. He slowly gives up all outward resistance, but preserves what he believes is an inner core of his true self symbolized by his feelings for Julia. In the end he is confronted by his worst fear, a terror of rats, and betrays Julia by begging his torturers to do it to her instead. Broken, Winston is returned to public life a true believer. Major Characters Winston Smith. A 39-year old man who works for the Ministry of Truth. Winston romanticizes the lives of the non-Party proles and indulges in daydreams in which they rise up and spark a revolution. Winston rebels in his private thoughts and in small actions that seem relatively safe, like his journal-keeping. His torture and destruction at the end of the novel is tragic because of the sheer lack of necessity; Winston was being manipulated from the very beginning and never posed any true threat. Julia. Similarly to Winston, Julia is outwardly a dutiful Party member, but inwardly seeks to rebel. Unlike Winston, Julia’s motivations for rebellion stem from her own desires; she wishes to pursue pleasure and leisure. O’Brien. Literally everything the reader is told about O’Brien in the first half of the story is revealed to be untrue. He is Winston’s superior at the Ministry of Truth, but he is also a member of the Thought Police. O’Brien therefore represents the Party perfectly: He is changeable as needed, weaponizes information or the lack of it, and ultimately serves solely to perpetuate power and snuff out resistance of any kind. Syme. A colleague of Winston’s, working on a Newspeak dictionary. Winston perceives Syme’s intelligence and predicts that he will disappear as a result of it, a prediction that quickly comes true. Mr. Charrington. A kindly old man who helps Winston rebel, and is later revealed as a member of the Thought Police. Major Themes Totalitarianism. Orwell argues that in a one-party political state where all other parties are outlawed, perpetuation of power becomes the sole purpose of the State. Towards this end, a totalitarian state will restrict freedom increasingly until the only freedom that remains is freedom of private thought- and the State will then attempt to restrict this as well. Control of Information. Orwell argues in the novel that the lack of access to information and the corruption of information makes meaningful resistance to the Party impossible. Orwell foresaw the rise of fake news decades before it was named. Destruction of the Self. The ultimate goal of all totalitarian regimes in Orwell’s opinion. Only by replacing individual desires with a template created by the State can true control be asserted. Literary Style Orwell writes in plain, largely unadorned language and a neutral tone, which evokes the crushing despair and dullness of Winston’s existence. He also ties the point of view tightly to Winston, forcing the reader to accept what Winston tells them much as Winston accepts what he is told, all of which is ultimately revealed as a lie. About the Author Born in 1903 in India, George Orwell was an incredibly influential writer, best-known for his novels Animal Farm and 1984, as well as essays on various topics covering politics, history, and social justice. Many of the concepts Orwell introduced in his writing have become part of pop culture, such as the phrase Big Brother is Watching You and the use of the descriptor Orwellian to indicate an oppressive surveillance state.

Innovation of ... (e.g. e-commerce, web-based financial srvice, Research Paper

Innovation of ... (e.g. e-commerce, web-based financial srvice, paperless office, or ...) - Research Paper Example Special cases are presented on Business to Consumer markets to show its growing popularity from the consumers’ side. Website companies are cited which owing to web interface technology is increasing its revenues and customer base. In total, the paper analyses the innovation of electronic commerce technology from different angles to show its growing impact on the world economy. Advancements made in technological, social and organizational fields helped in expanding the horizon of electronic commerce to enter the realm of web-internet in the spring of 1993. Prior to this event electronic commerce depended on telecommunication technology as its medium of trade. Organizational and Social activities have become dependent on electronic commerce owing to its web-interface. In this connection, the ambit of electronic commerce now covers a broad range of activities in the fields of commerce, collaboration, communication, connection and computation. Electronic Commerce functioning along these varied fields have opened opportunities in innovation of the same. Opportunities identified along the business and social spheres include addressing larger markets, enlarging the scope of collaboration with business partners globally, transformation of business processes and working on the development to make electronic communication much faster. (Zwass, 2003) In this context Stratum Media, an electronic commerce technology developer in United Kingdom announced on the development of â€Å"Eros† technology, which an online vendor of Consumer Electronics and Home Appliances is using to promote its products. (Hollander, 1999) Further observation states that the internet web earns its success in becoming a global infrastructure for electronic commerce activities. The internet web acts as a link between the technology and innovation interface and business organizations. Internet web works towards being a global model for sharing of

As instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

As instruction - Essay Example It therefore, can be said that each of us, follow a definite philosophy which guides our actions and our efforts to gain knowledge and accordingly base our judgments of the people or event. J. S. Mills, an eminent philosopher, In his book ‘On liberty’ has extensively discoursed on liberty of thought and discussion and has tried to explain its wider meaning with respect to the control exerted by society on an individual. Through the ages, liberty and freedom of choice has been the most important issue for the rulers and the community at large. The rulers and people in authority have been using their power to exert control over the community and individuals. Mills has argued that no government or individual has the right to suppress the independent thought of other individuals largely because the new thoughts are catalyst to the changes, which are part and parcel of human existence. The extent of the influence of their control on the liberty of individuals is the most vital aspect of interplay of human relationship within the society. The governmental and constitutional paradigms of liberty are important factors in the larger interests of the society. But there are some intrinsic and unarticulated social control over the individuals within the society, which may be defined by the doctrines of the time and religion. According to Mils ‘for a long time past, the chief mischief of the legal penalties is that they strengthen the social stigma’ (Mills, chapter 1). While to some extent, one can agree that excess control does corrodes of moral and ethical values, but some control is necessary to maintain law and order within the social fabric. But Mills theory on liberty of thought and discussion is highly relevant with the issue of teaching the theory of evolution and the theory of intelligent design in public school.

XTRA(2) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words - 1

XTRA(2) - Essay Example lysis of the logical requirements, design as well as implementation and these would be discussed under different categories of tasks related to the Xtra case study. A close analysis of the case study of Xtra shows that it is a small company specializing in Hollywood memorabilia and its founding principles were based on the notion of business being conducted via the post from the central offices based in the city center. However, due to global economic recession, the company has seen a significant decline in sales and the need to generate more sales has seen the company underscoring on the need to develop an eBusiness system that would help in collecting of marketing data as well as to provide a more personal customer service. E-Business is basically a general term that encompasses e-commerce but also includes the use of the internet for other business tasks such as teamwork, communication and new business services Post & Anderson 2003). E-business is increasingly regarded as a valuable tool for more traditional firms and has a large role to play in the future of many organisations through offering convenient online services to the customers. The basic eBusiness systems requirement for Xtra is the use of a system that is able to collect data automatically especially at the point of sale. This would increase efficiency in gathering data about the clients and is more efficient compared to the traditional method of using hard files to store data about their products. This involves the identification of problems with the current system and making choices. This stage would also involve the aspect of persuading the others to accept the decision and subsequently implement the ultimate solution that would have been agreed upon. Apparently, this method can handle large volumes of data and process information about any transaction swiftly. Traditionally, Xtra has been conducting its business using postal services to do all the transactions. However, because of the

Marriage equality and human rights violations Essay

Marriage equality and human rights violations - Essay Example The discrimination of the same sex marriage is a violation of human rights. President Obama accepted the same-sex marriage during the election campaigns which was controversial but helped in the achievement of the goal of re-election. According to the American president, the issue should be approached using the state to state approach. The advocating for a state approach to the problem would culminate in a national issue and finally lead to the success of the acceptance of the same-sex marriage. The impact of the approach would be different based on the legal implications of the problem. (Wolfson 23) The legal implications of the problem included a change in the legal direction of the country in relation to marriage and definition. Marriage equality is defined as same-sex marriage that is legally recognized in the society as the marriage between mature or adult persons. The major question posed by the proponents of the idea is based on the protection of human rights that is protected fundamentally by the constitution. The bill of rights stipulates the major issues that must be addressed in the protection of human freedom. Based on these freedoms including the freedom of association, it becomes challenging when defining marriage equality. Equality in marriage and marriage equality in the contemporary society means two different things today. Equality in marriage is the protection of the rights of individuals in marriage while marriage equality is the struggle to accept the new set of marriage partners resulting from homosexual and lesbian relationship in the society. In fact, the push for recognition has led to serious challenge in the society because of the resistance posed by conservatives (Casey 23). Despite the challenges in defining the term, it is widely accepted culturally to mean the relationship between same-sex partners and their intention to live together as a couple. Human rights violation in relation to marriage equality The protection of gay indivi duals in the society has been an issue of great concern. In fact, it involves the understanding of the bill of rights. However, despite the existence of the bill of rights, the acceptance of the same-sex marriage has been emotive issue and has led to various protests with an aim of seeking recognition. In fact, around the world, gays have conducted demonstrations seeking to be recognized and be accorded the necessary support compared to heterosexual relations (Olson 68). Consequently, a proposal by the conservative wing of the population believes that banning of the same-sex marriage could solve the already heated debate. However, it may create a more serious challenge as compared to the current problem. The freedom of association and relations will be affected in the event that the country decides to ban same-sex marriage (Pearson 6). Discrimination is the taking of the rights of the people by restricting or even denying people the right of association or relationship. The protecti on of gay rights in the society has been an issue of concern. They have been subjected to trauma and massive legal challenges.

External, Internal, and Construct Validity Essay

External, Internal, and Construct Validity - Essay Example Second, the research analyzes if it is logical to consider the relationship as casual and it is through assessment of internal validity that this specific issue is determined. Third, a research analyzes if it is reasonable to consider that the scores on measures represent their respective constructs and construct validation procedures seem to be most effective method to address this question. In social research, there are four main concerns that correspond to four types of validity. â€Å"In essence these four types of validity concern different sorts of relationships in the research enterprise. Construct validity refers to the relationships between theoretical constructs and their operations. Both conclusion and internal validity refer to the relationship between the operationalized treatment and operationalized outcome†¦ External validity concerns the relationship between the hypothesized constructs that were operationalized and other constructs of interest that were not.â₠¬  (Judd and Kenny, 1981, p 20). It is most essential to compare and contrast the characteristics of external, internal, and construct validity in order to identify the threats to external and construct validity and to comprehend how validity issues could impact a research. In a profound analysis of validity in relation to social research, it becomes palpable that external, internal, and construct validity are very essential in order to assess the true validity of every study and it is necessary to define them separately. Thus, construct validity may be defined as â€Å"the extent to which the theoretical constructs of treatment, outcome, population, and setting have been successfully opearionalized,† and external validity as â€Å"the extent to which the effects we observe among operationalized constructs can be generalized to theoretical constructs other than those specified in the original research hypothesis,† whereas internal validity is â€Å"the extent to which the detected effects

What Is 'Trust' (After Niklas Luhmann) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

What Is 'Trust' (After Niklas Luhmann) - Essay Example In his work he views trust as s very important sociological phenomenon that makes possible the functioning of individuals within society, and at the same time the very existence of this society. Beginning from the 1990s, the sociologists began developing the concept of trust as a key element of social relationships, and the upsurge of interest to the problem of trust is conditioned, among all, by certain characteristics of the modern society, those being more active position of people towards their own future, and at the same time the uncertainty of this future, increased interdependence of individuals and communities, multiple opportunities offered by social and technological development, and the risks connected with them. All these presuppose the necessity of trust for normal and efficient life and social functioning. Earlier, trust was often characterised as a purely personal attitude, but Luhmann regards is as an aspect of interpersonal relations and a motivating factor for individuals to act. For the scholar, trust is an important element of social, political, personal, and cultural life of any human being. For N. Luhmann, trust is, above all, the absence of sureness, and the result of the impossibility to predict the future. So, there is no wonder that that the key terms for Luhmann's understanding of the concept of trust are risk and uncertainty. He, however, offers a way to solve the contradiction between trust and certainty. The main problem when analysing the contemporary society is making no division between trust and non-trust. For Luhmann, there are two structural changes of paramount importance that are happening in the modern world: the diversification and insulation of the known and the unknown, and the growing tendency to substitute risk for danger, i.e. considering and envisaging all the dangerous consequences that may occur as a result of human actions or non-actions. Differentiating between trust and certainty, Niklas Luhmann pinpoints the fact that in the modern conditions of openness and lack of integration, the nature of relations between trust and certainty are changing. Certainty, for the researcher, is something that presupposes complete absence of any disappointment; whereas trust always takes into account some possible risks, or at least an element of risk. The main difference between trust and certainty depends on the peculiarities of personal perception and attitude. If a person does not consider any alternatives to some event of action, it means he is certain - that is, in the state of certainty. If, however, a person prefers one action or event to the rest that are potentially possible, this situation is described as a situation of trust. Therefore, even if there is a high possibility of disappointment, preferring a particular line of actions is referred to by Luhmann as trust. Consequently, it is impossible to either trust or not trust to something that is completely unknown. "[T]rust is only possible in a familiar world; it needs history as a reliable background"1. Only awareness of how the things are (familiarity) makes both trust and distrust possible - it makes any expectations possible, however it does not guarantee that what we are expecting is going to happen. Awareness is not knowledge of how somebody will act, or what

External, Internal, and Construct Validity Essay

External, Internal, and Construct Validity - Essay Example Second, the research analyzes if it is logical to consider the relationship as casual and it is through assessment of internal validity that this specific issue is determined. Third, a research analyzes if it is reasonable to consider that the scores on measures represent their respective constructs and construct validation procedures seem to be most effective method to address this question. In social research, there are four main concerns that correspond to four types of validity. â€Å"In essence these four types of validity concern different sorts of relationships in the research enterprise. Construct validity refers to the relationships between theoretical constructs and their operations. Both conclusion and internal validity refer to the relationship between the operationalized treatment and operationalized outcome†¦ External validity concerns the relationship between the hypothesized constructs that were operationalized and other constructs of interest that were not.â₠¬  (Judd and Kenny, 1981, p 20). It is most essential to compare and contrast the characteristics of external, internal, and construct validity in order to identify the threats to external and construct validity and to comprehend how validity issues could impact a research. In a profound analysis of validity in relation to social research, it becomes palpable that external, internal, and construct validity are very essential in order to assess the true validity of every study and it is necessary to define them separately. Thus, construct validity may be defined as â€Å"the extent to which the theoretical constructs of treatment, outcome, population, and setting have been successfully opearionalized,† and external validity as â€Å"the extent to which the effects we observe among operationalized constructs can be generalized to theoretical constructs other than those specified in the original research hypothesis,† whereas internal validity is â€Å"the extent to which the detected effects

School Uniforms Essay Example for Free

School Uniforms Essay The issue of school uniforms in today’s public schools is a silent but very controversial issue, Gaining momentum with school administrators and parents debating on whether or not to convert their public schools. With academics on a decline compared to the world average, (Wu, Elaine) along with school violence at its highest that it has ever been. The United States is a seeing a change towards school using school uniforms to help solve many problems associated with public schools. School uniforms in today’s society â€Å"promote school safety and enhance the learning environment, and diminish the clothing completion† As said by Marsha Boutelle. School uniforms unify a school and help the blending of the school cultures, instead of massive polarization among students. Of course student who could not wear uniforms due to religious reasons or other appropriate reasons could sign out doing so along with parent permission. Along with School uniforms we see a boost in academic performance. With the United States dropping behind other developed nation ranking in at number 18 of 24. (Wu, Elaine) this is low for a nation that is spending a lot on education every year. Kids are losing focus on school and are competing for what the newest fashion or gadget rather than focusing on school these days. With the addition of school uniforms in American society kids can focus more on their classes rather than social factors that students focus on when there is no school uniform and the dress code is not strict. With the addition of school uniforms in public schools you can see students bonding together helping students feel like they are accepted and part of a much bigger picture than just them. Also the boost in academics helps out everywhere with helping students get into universities of their choice rather than just a university that excepts them and helps them get scholarships, which a lot have a GPA requirement, that must be met in order to qualify or to continue receiving. This helps out students and parents get funding for the college or trade school they attend. And with the millions of dollars in scholarships that go unused each year. Students could defiantly use this money to pay or help pay for their college. And this helps out businesses get tax cuts find what could be future employs and save them money in the end when taxes are due. But many people argue against school uniforms in America and say that it affects their creativity and violates the first amendment. (Cornell) Arguing against school uniforms parents feel that not being able to dress in the latest clothing fashions. They feel that their children are being restricted on their creativity and ability to freely express themselves. Coming back to the United States constitution’s first amendment which is the freedom of speech, saying that what the students are wearing is a symbol of speech and is expressing them. But this argument is flaw when it comes to students who still cannot abide by even the schools standard dress code policies. For example â€Å"sixth grader tiffany gets sent to the principal’s office because the teacher thinks she is dressed inappropriately. She is wearing a micro mini skirt and a halter top that shows her midriff. Principle Judy Montgomery, of Sacramento’s Bear Flag Elementary School, takes Tiffany home to change her clothes and to check in with her parents. There reaction isn’t what she expects â€Å"Her mother was upset with me† Montgomery says. Her mother says she looks cute. † (Boutelle) This is showing that some parents can’t even enforce a school appropriate dress code on their children in this day and age. This example is showing how kids are being influenced by today’s hip hop culture. Effecting what young people are wearing even if it is degrading to them. And its creating distractions to other people in the academic environment therefore hindering others ability to do their best and distracting them from being creative in their own ways. So this argument is invalid when kids are so dressed down that it’s distracting to others. And the inability for parents to be able to tell their children that what they are wearing is inappropriate and shows that a standardized dress code should be put in place. There is a time and place to dress however you like and that is outside of school. Kids can dress however they please outside of a standardized institution. Also it would be very unprofessional if parents had to meet a teacher or principle for a conference or something school related. And the teacher or principle was wearing unprofessional clothing looking unclean and not clean cut, In other words not looking professional for their job. Students and parents alike don’t like to see this it’s very hard to take them serious and consider them professional. So the argument is flawed when it comes to it in the end, because in schools are supposed to be unifying and be an academic environment. Another problem in American schools is school violence School violence can be greatly reduced by the use of school uniforms. With kids unable to noticeably tell or distinguish which kids belong to what gangs in school if any at all. Also with uniforms it’s much harder to tell which kids come from money and which kids come from needy families. Relieving kids of the stress of which social economic status you come from. With a blending, it helps kids see who the actual person is rather then who or where they came from or what their culture is or background. For example all you have to do is step in to any public school with a normal dress code during lunch and you can just see all the different groups that are happening in a school from rich kids and jocks to the nerds and the poor kids. You see the school gangs separating representing for their gang or group. At any moment there could be a confrontation between any of these groups and instantly a conflict has started or worse school violence could happen between people. Since something has happened everything is stopped until the situation gets resolved whether it’s broken up by the school cop, teachers, or resolved by the people it happens between. Some of this can be stopped, as bill Clinton said in his 1996 state of the union address â€Å"I challenge all our schools to teach character education, to teach good values and good citizenship. And if it means that teenagers will stop killing each other over designer jackets, then our public schools should be able to require their students to wear school uniforms. † (Clinton) This quote is showing how kids are committing violence in school over something as simple as a â€Å"designer jacket†. (Clinton) everyone wearing uniforms also makes it very easy to recognize people who are not supposed to be there or can make an intruder stand out in a crowd. So what is to stop kids in school from killing or committing violence over any other reason in public schools? But David L Brunsma begs to say that school uniforms can actually solve school violence or even boost school academic performance. After he did a study on how school uniforms. His graph (summary of uniform policy effect) shows that there is either not enough of a change or there was a drop in performance according to his graph. But the graph does not show any numbers on it so it’s hard to say anything about also. On this subject there is a lot of supporting data for both sides which make it hard to say what is legit and what is not because not every study is reproduced in this field. Brunsma says that school uniforms actual cause a false sense of security and are actual detrimental to what is going on in the climate of the school. (School Uniform Policies in Public Schools†) With so much contradicting evidence to his claim it only raises questions to why uniforms help in some parts of the U. S and across the world but not all over the united states. In conclusion school uniforms should be instated in public school, with a boost in academic performance. Which would in turn boost the United States in the ranking system of developed nations, and along with that would make it a much more respected educational institutional as a whole in the world of education. Also school uniforms unify schools bringing them closer to a whole and unifying the school. School uniforms help students feel a part of something bigger than just them. Also it keeps schools much less polarized making students safer and keeping the school violence significantly low. But it won’t solve all conflicts because there is always someone out looking to start something or is suffering from a severe problem. This can be prevented by students taking initiative to help protect their school. Students should help everyone out in their school by helping keeping it unified. Works Cited 1. Boutelle, Marsha. Uniforms: Are They a Good Fit? The Education Digest. 73. 6 (February 2008): 34-7 2. Brunsma, David L. School Uniform Policies in Public Schools. Principal (Reston, Va. ). 85. 3 (January/February 2006): 50-3 3. Brennan, Timothy. Do uniforms make our schools better? Ive seen them boost school climate. American Teacher. 89. 5 (February 2005): 4 4. Firmin, Michael, Suzanne Smith, and Lynsey Perry. School Uniforms: A Qualitative Analysis of Aims and Accomplishments at Two Christian Schools. Journal of Research on Christian Education. 15. 1/2 (Spring/Fall 2006): 143-68 5. Brunsma, David L. , and Kerry Ann Rockquemore. Statistics, Sound Bites, and School Uniforms: A Reply to Bodine. The Journal of Educational Research (Washington, D. C. ). 97. 2 (November/December 2003): 72-7. 6. Daugherty, Richard F. Leadership In Action: Piloting a School Uniform Program. Education. 123. 2 (2002): 390 7. PRESIDENT CLINTON, WILLIAM JEFFERSON, STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS,U. S. CAPITOL JANUARY 23, 1996, http://clinton2. nara. gov/WH/New/other/sotu. html 8. Wu, Elaine, â€Å"U. S. falls in education rank compared to other countries†, The Kapio Newspress, 2004, http://kapio. kcc. hawaii. edu/upload/fullnews. php? id=52 9. Cornell University Law school, http://www. law. cornell. edu/constitution/constitution. billofrights. html.

Promoting A New Grooming Product For Men Marketing Essay

Promoting A New Grooming Product For Men Marketing Essay To be able to reap success in the field of business where competition is very tough, there is a growing need for organizations to pay and dedicate special attention in the evaluation and execution of their marketing mix, specifically in the aspect of promotions which deals with measures and practices directed towards increasing the markets awareness of the existence of the product. The element of promotion is very important especially for businesses which are just starting in the market or for products which are just in the introduction stage. A good promotional campaign will enable the company to establish a name and to establish recall since they are just new in the market. This will increase the awareness of the public regarding the existence of the product and will in turn generate revenue for the company in the long run (Kurtz et al, 2007). It is undeniable that the present time holds a notable growth in the success of personal care or grooming products for men which were introduced in the market. Vanity is no longer exclusive to women as the marketing trend nowadays suggests with the emergence of various grooming products which caters to the specific needs and requirements of the male market. This market holds a very strong potential for revenue generation as the market segment increased and continued its perpetual growth (Neff, 2010). To be bale to market mens grooming products, one specific aspect which needs special attention would be advertising. It has been noted in the past that advertising shows significant effect on the growth of the product in the market, especially for new products, as it instigates recall and awareness among the target audience. For grooming products for men, one of the most effective would be tri-media advertisement wherein basic advertising medium will be used including television, radio, and print ads. For television, a commercial will be aired with the central theme of promoting mens grooming products, making vanity not exclusive to women, targeting the male audience as it conveys a message which assumes the growing need for the male market to better take care of themselves so that they can look and feel better. The central theme of the tri-media advertisements would be increasing the confidence of the male market by looking good through the help of new grooming products. To be able to extend the anticipated reach of this commercial, a credible celebrity endorser will also be used. It must be remembered that the grooming product is new that is why it has a significant need to be endorsed by credible and known endorsers to be able to easily make its way and tap its target market. The commercial will show the celebrity endorser using the new grooming products, as he believes in its effectiveness and efficiency, and will include his testimonial regarding the benefits which men will get from using such products. Furthermore, to be able to target male who does not watch television at all, commercials will also be aired via major radio stations. The commercials which will be produced for radio will be focused on testimonials from projected users about the grooming products and endorsement of use while trying to convince more male that this new grooming product is a must-try. The radio commercials will be helpful especially to target males who are always on the go and those who listen to the radio while driving their cars to work or to wherever they will be headed. Lastly, to be able to complete the dimensions of tri-media advertisements, there will also be print ads which will be scattered in major places where the market demographics reflects the target market profile of the new grooming products. The display of these print ads will still be helpful in generating recall and awareness especially if they are posted on places in the target market of the grooming products is always staying or passing by. To be able to reach more of the products target market, event sponsorship will also be taken into consideration as a means of advertising, as increasing the level of awareness of the public regarding the new grooming products for men. The events which will be targeted for promotions or sponsorship will include those in which the main participants are men. This could include events such as fashion show for mens clothing and other men products. During such events, there will be company booths which will be installed in the venue and will be manned by a set of promodizers. Leaflets regarding the product details and benefits of usage will also be distributed to be able to disseminate information. Furthermore, there will also be free product samples in trial packs so that the target market can be able to try it with the hopes that it could lead to repetitive purchases in order to gain revenue for the business. In order to achieve maximum results for event sponsorships, it must be assured that only events with significant attendance from the target population will be considered. Moreover, the power of the internet as an effective marketing tool should not be disregarded in the execution of the promotions mix for the new grooming products for men. A relatively large number of populations in the entire market have access to the internet and literate about its usage. Therefore, marketing efforts should be also directed towards the utilization of internet to promote the new products. To start of, the company will build its very own corporate website. In building the website, the target market must be considered. Most male internet users want direct information and straight forward execution rather than the bubbly type of websites. Therefore, the website design should be minimalist in general and display only information which ae relevant and significant of the product. The pictures and general description of the products will also be displayed to give the market an image of what they can expect from the product line. Moreover, to be able to strengthen the claims of the product, there will also be testimonials from users and endorsers in order to convince the website visitors that they mus try and use the said products. Lastly, the website shall feature an interactive feed where there could be communication between the visitors and the administrators to answer their queries and also to ad a touch of personalization and interaction in the website. Moreover, public relations must not be also taken out of the picture when considering promotion strategies for the new line of grooming products fro men. In is always very important to maintain a good relationship with the public to be bale to be assured that they will patronize the products and use them in the long run. It is always important for the company to maintain a public image to be bale to make them aware of its practice. Part of the public relations measure of the company will be to be more visible in the eyes of the public, specifically to it target market, by establishing a series of events and product launches which will include the endorsers and the actual samples of the products. These product launches will be able to help the company establish public relationship and at the same time will set as a means of promotion for the grooming products.

The La Jolla Project :: Architecture Architectural History Essays

The La Jolla Project The presence of the past is everywhere. One does not have to look very far to realize that the past has quite an influence on the present. In fact, there are a few examples of modern works of art at the University of California, San Diego, that bring to mind architectural works of the past. One such example is the La jolla Project, which is a collection of stone blocks on top of a hill on the Revelle College lawn south of Galbraith Hall. The isolated groups of blocks refer to architectural elements such as columns, posts, lintels, windows, and doors; but the collection, as a whole, resembles a modern reconstruction of Stonehenge. The La Jolla Project and Stonehenge differ from each other in many ways, but they also share some striking silmilarities that are constant reminders that the past is very much a part of modern life. The La Jolla Project is the third work in the Stuart Collection, which is a group of site-specific sculptural works at the University of California, San Diego. The La Jolla Project was installed by Richard Fleischner and was completed in 1984. The Project consists of 71 blocks of pink and gray granite (Stuart Collection 5). All the blocks are rectangular in shape and range from about 3 to 15 feet in length. The stones were quarried in New England and cut near Providence, Rhode Island, where the artist lives (Stuart Collection 6). Unlike the La Jolla Project, Stonehenge was probably not an abstract sculptural installation made of polished granite blocks. Stonehenge was built starting in 3100 B.C.E.(Encyclopedia Brittanica 287). The builders used mostly sarsen, a gray sandstone. Bluestones, or blocks of bluish dolerite, were also used. The number of stones used is unknown because the present structure of Stonehenge is the product of at least four major building phases. The stones have endured many centuries of rough weather and erosion. Stonehenge is located on Salisbury Plain in Southern England. Although it is not the largest henge (circle of stones) of the Neolithic Period, it is a remarkable site because it is one of the most complicated megalithic sites. Stonehenge was repeatedly reworked from 3100 to 1500 B.C.E. (Encyclopedia Brittanica 287). Each new major building phase added new elements to the site. The present-day arrangement at Stonehenge is the result of the last building phase which ended nearly 3,500 years ago.

Elegy, Written With His Own Hand In the Tower Before His Execution and

Comparing Metaphors in Chidiock Tichborne's Elegy, Written With His Own Hand In the Tower Before His Execution and William Blake's To See A World In A Grain Of Sand Chidiock Tichborne's "Elegy, Written With His Own Hand In the Tower Before His Execution" and William Blake's "To See A World In A Grain Of Sand" contain several fascinating metaphors that produce two impressive verses that capture our imagination. Both of these elegies deal with life and the contrasting ways it surfaces from within the poet's mind. These metaphors (an analogy between two things that give us insight into the unrevealed part) create an image within our minds that maintain our attention throughout the verse. In Blake's, "To See A World In A Grain Of Sand," every line is a metaphor that secures our attention and blazes our imagination. Blake expresses a metaphor wisely when he asserts "†¦Hold infinity in the palm of your hand†¦" (Blake 125, line 3). Humans have always grasped onto time, as if by gripping it tightly, we can control its outcome: multiply time, making time stand still, and so forth. Blake...

How evil is presented throughout the play Essay

Show how Shakespeare’s sense of theatre supports the presentation of evil in â€Å"Macbeth.† Shakespeare was born in 1564 at Stratford upon Avon, he was an English poet and playwright. He wrote 38 plays 154 sonnets. He began his successful career in London as an actor and a writer, and later became known as what many say to be the greatest writer in the English language. One of his most successful plays is ‘Macbeth’ it was written at the time king James I was on the throne at the time that the Gunpowder Plot that took place in 1605, and plotted against king James I and tried to blow up the houses of parliament. This is quite significant to the play as it links to people plotting against the king, as Macbeth does. In the end Guy Fawks is burnt, and at the end of the play Macbeth is also murdered. Shakespeare received patronage from the current monarchy if they were pleased with the play he had produced, so he made it appeal to the king or Queen he was writing it for. He did this when he wrote Macbeth, as he Put witches in the play and also based the play around witches and portrayed them as personifying evil this would have appealed to King James I as he wrote a book about witches called Demonology in this book he confirmed his conspiracy about witches being evil supernatural beings that made bad things happen. Shakespeare set the play in the 12th century when it was the17th century so that he could twist the facts of what happened to get across what he wanted to say, about the plot of the witches. Shakespeare tried to make things relevant in the play to King James I. He did this at the start of the play where he used Thunder and Lightening, before the three witches came on this would have appealed to King James I as he expressed very strongly that witches conjured up storms in the book he wrote. Another thing that portrayed evil at the start of the play is that the chant that the witches do ;†Fair is foul and foul is fair,† this shows that evil is about good being bad and bad being good. This links to Macbeth because when he first talks, he says â€Å"so fair and foul a day I have not seen†. He is echoing the words of the witches, and this alerts the audience and makes them think he is connected to them or of the same nature (also evil). Also when the witches say â€Å"when the hurlyburly’s done, when the battle’s lost and won† it makes you curious to think that they may know what is to happen in the future. It also gives you the feeling that the witches are peculiar and supernatural if they can make predictions with such certainty. Shakespeare is also trying to show the power the witches have to make evil happen, that their presence or their words can effect people make them think evil and then become evil, as Macbeth does throughout the play. Macbeth as a victim of supernatural conspiracy as it’s the witches who put the essence of treason in his mind.This is shown when Banquo asks Macbeth â€Å"Good sir, why do you start and seem to fear†. This shows Macbeth is not innately good because seeing the evil of the witches made him fear and a noble man was not to let evil get to him, like Banquo didn’t. This also shows he is susceptible to evil. He also started to have evil thoughts that even started to scare himself he says â€Å"I yield to that suggestion whose horrid image doth unfix my hair, and make my seated heart knock at my ribs†. Macbeth knows it is a sin against God to Murder or even hurt the Lords anointed King. At the start of the play he was honourable and favoured greatly by Duncan who gave him the titles Thane of Cawdor and Thane of Glamis for winning the battle and defeating the king of Norway, but Macbeth above all was a man of action and wanted to know how he could make the prediction of the witches come true and so he didn’t let his evil thoughts get in the way .He says in act 1 scene 4 â€Å"Stars hide your fires, let not light see my black and deep desires†, he wants the stars to stay dark so that he can hide his murderous thoughts. Also dark is associated with bad and evil and light with good and noble. He doesn’t want a starry night so that he can hide his evil thoughts in the darkness away from the light. Macbeth had lots of imagination but he lacked a strong will, when lady Macbeth allures him into Duncan’s murder he went along with the plans although deep down he knew it was morally the wrong thing to do., on the other hand lady Macbeth had a strong will persuading and brainwashing Macbeth, but has no imagination, she is the one who persuades him to commit the ghastly deed but is the one who goes mad. Another aspect of Macbeth’s imagination is when he sees daggers and apparitions before he goes to kill Duncan. Macbeth even Hallucinates when he sees the ghost of Banquo. When Macbeth goes to see the witches they make him feel invincible, they tell him â€Å"no man of woman born can touch him† hearing this he goes and kills all of MacDuffs family (his innocent wife and children) that is because he has descended to evil, he has reached the depths of evil and because evil never triumphs the audience knows he is going be caught, this is when he finds out that the witches tricked him but he does die a noble death because he is brave. Lady Macbeth is portrayed as an evil person in the play but also the source of all the evil from Macbeth. She personifies evil to Macbeth making him do wrong and she guides him into all that he does. This play is written to relate to the biblical story of Adam and Eve where God allows them to eat the fruit from all the trees except the tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil. A serpent persuades Eve to eat from that tree; she does so but also persuades Adam to eat from it. This relates to the story of Macbeth because Lady Macbeth persuades Macbeth to do evil. This is another thing that would have appealed to king James I as he was a religious man who strongly believed in what the bible said. When lady Macbeth reads the letter he has been sent by Macbeth she gets excited and starts having fantastical thoughts, yet she thinks her husband is too kind to do such a thing when she says â€Å"It is too full o ‘th ‘milk of human kindness to catch the nearest way.† She knows she will have to persuade him and she knows just how she will do this â€Å"that I may pour my spirits in thine ear, and chastise with the valour of my tongue.† She is saying she will use her language of persuasion and guide him into the evil to do what she wants him to do. She is the one who induces him and leads him to do it, at first he is reluctant but then she wins him over by saying that he should do it for the love of her, she also challenges his masculinity by doing this so in the end after arguing a won battle because lady Macbeth isn’t backing down, Macbeth finally goes to murder Duncan. Later she entices him by saying that the blame of the murder could be put on the king’s guards, so their crime won’t be discovered. Throughout the play Macbeth goes from noble and good with people referring to him as â€Å"noble Macbeth† and â€Å"valiant cousin† to evil led by the witches. Macbeth was a victim of an evil plot with the witches tricking him and leading him to evil and sin, but the blame can not be put entirely on the witches because although they lead him he was the one who choose to kill Duncan witch was the start of all the bad things that came from it. Macbeth comes to die a noble death, because of his bravery and of this and then the rightful order has been restored and the rightful king is on the throne. This makes stronger the belief that people have that the king is the lords anointed and nobody can do anything about it. The play justifies the position of James I as he is a noble and righteous king . Shakespeare ended the play this was to show that no good comes from witches and from evil and it is a lot better to be noble as you will get a better outcome, Banquo was noble and his son became the king in the end.

Feral Children

It wasn’t my first time reading something about children raised in the wild but the videos of Genie the Wild Child and Oxana Malaya really triggered my emotional awareness. While watching the short documentaries in class, it made me realize the importance of our parents and the way they nurture us to be a well-rounded individual. Most people say that we grow up to be like our parents or the ones who have been there to guide us. They play a very significant role in our life because the values they taught will be the ones we’ll remember as we grow older. In forming our social well-being, our parents, siblings, and peers take up a great factor to be who we are now. In the case of Genie, she was isolated from the world, never had the chance to mingle with her peers until her adolescent years. Because of this, her mind still remained that of a 3 year old child who didn’t even know how to talk and walk properly. It gave me that goosebumps that people can sometimes be so cruel to the point where they will take away the life of an innocent child by prohibiting her to nourish herself. Culture very much is related in these situations. We are honed by our heritage and this serves as our primary identity. This is one reason why Oxana Malaya thought that she was a wolf. No one was there to teach her the ethics and morality of human beings. Her only companions were the animals whom she portrayed as well. Because of this, I believe that no one is born automatically genius. We need the proper care of adults to be human beings entirely not just physically, but socially and emotionally.

Case Scenarios

Read the following scenarios. Answer, in a 50- to 100-word response, each of the following questions: Scenario 1 Sophia has been removed from her family and placed Into foster care for the second time In the last 2 years due to her mother's ongoing substance abuse. Sophia has missed many days of school and often comes to school dirty and wearing clothes from the day before. Sophia's mother does not think she has a problem and blames the system for once again taking her daughter. 1 . What can a human service professional do to help this family?We all may have a family member that have the same problem. Human service can help Sophia's mother by getting her help for substance abuse. Her mother may not feel that she needs help or have a drug problem. I f the daughter is coming to school dirty and missing school the teacher can see that there is a problem. She can report this problem to Human Services and they can place Sophia in foster care until her mother is able to care for her proper ly. 2. Sophia's mother is thinking that child protective services as the worst people for taking her daughter for the second time.The mother needs to get help for her substance abuse and prove that she can be healthy and stable for her daughter, then she could be allowed to have her daughter back. Scenario 2 John has been homeless for most of his adult life. He Is often seen on the medians of busy Intersections asking for food and money or wandering through the park talking to himself. John used to seek housing In a homeless shelter but often chooses to sleep In the local park. During the winter, the local homeless coalition attempts to talk to John about staying In the shelter but he refuses.Staying out In the cold has deed John to being hospitalized on several occasions, but he maintains that he Is better off without anyone's help. 1. We all may have a family member that have the same problem. Human service can help Sophia's mother by getting her help for substance abuse. Her moth er may not feel that she needs help or have a drug problem. I f the daughter Is coming to school dirty and mammals school the teacher can see that there is a problem. She can report this problem to Human Services and they can place Scenario 3 Juan often runs away from home because his parents constantly fight and often blame him for their issues.Juan runs away for 2 to 3 days at a time and will do this at least once a week. When he is at home, he typically does not follow the rules and will yell at his parents and siblings. Juan has a history of defiant behavior, but his home environment has often been chaotic. Jean's parents have been through family counseling, but they feel it was not helpful and are reluctant to do it again. Juan sometimes will run to a local group home that takes in runaway youth. 1 . If you were a counselor at the group home, how might you work with Juan to get him to stop running away from home so that he is not sleeping on the streets? If I ere a counselor, I would arrange an in-home sit down with the child, and the parents, I would find out the details of which needs are not being met in the home that was constantly causing the arguing, and try to find a solution(s) to the families problems. Next I would arrange for weekly counseling sessions for the parents and the child to try and see if we begin to meet the family needs if then it would stop the arguing which would then stop the child from being defiant and running away weekly, and bring peace and happiness in the home. . How might you try to work with the family even though they have participated in Emily therapy previously and did not find it effective? * Next I would arrange for weekly counseling sessions for the parents and the child to try and see if we begin to meet the family needs if then it would stop the arguing which would then stop the child from being defiant and running away weekly, and bring peace and happiness in the home.I know that they said it didn't work previous ly but I would give it a try Just to try and help them, I would address the way that the previous counselor went about it and try a different approach to make the counseling for the family work, legalizing that not all methods work for all families, but I would try different techniques or ask the family some things that they like to do together and try to incorporate that into the counseling to make for a happier time in the home.As a counselor I would have group sessions with the family and private sessions with the child with the parent's permission as well. The purpose of the group sessions would be to validate that the family does not blame the child for their problems. The purpose of the private sessions would be to allow the child to open up and talk about their true feelings. Through being an attentive listener for the family and advising the parents to keep an open and stable relationship with their child.

Human Resourses in a Legal Context Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Human Resourses in a Legal Context - Essay Example The only signed document between him and the employer was a document that detailed the nature of his duties as a temporary worker. There was, however, a written contract between the employer and the job agency; this contract, as established by the submission of documentary evidence to the employment tribunal, was explicit in its reference to all supplied workers as being temporary and deriving from the efforts of the job agency rather than the employer. There was, in short, no express contract between the worker and the employer, the worker was in all cases referred to as a temporary employee, and both the employer and the employee satisfied their respective duties and obligations. The immediate dispute arose after the worker called in sick, and he spent approximately three weeks away from his physical place of employment. When he returned to work, he was informed that the agency had supplied a new worker and that his services were no longer required for this particular job. Consequently, he initiated an action alleging unfair dismissal; there being no express contract between himself and the employer, he argued that he ought to have been treated as an employee under the theory of implied contract. This is the main issue entertained and decided by the employment tribunal. The tribunal was rather efficient and impatient with evidence and information which it deemed irrelevant or extraneous. A few questions were asked of live witnesses, but most of the evidence was presented in documentary form, supported by the arguments of legal counsel. A great deal of attention was paid to definitions, particularly to what constitutes an employee-employer relation under the Employment Rights Act. The worker had an opportunity to prevail because the tribunal and the legal representatives all agreed that a formal employment relationship could be established through either an express contract or an implied contract;

Sustainability Written Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sustainability Written Report - Essay Example Originally, geothermal energy was used in hot springs as early as Paleolithic times according to a study made by Cataldi (1993) about the history of hot springs before the Modern Period. Technically, the first geothermal energy harnessed lighted a few light bulbs. The following accounts relate how the world recognized geothermal energy: On July 4, 1904, Prince Piero Ginori Conti tested the world’s first geothermal generator at the Larderello dry steam field in Italy. Merely a couple of years later, this invention was deployed commercially and used to operate drilling equipment. Soon the small town of Larderello was using geothermal power for all its electricity requirements. (History of Geothermal Energy, http://www.economywatch.com) Because of the said event, it is no wonder that Italy maintained the position as being a top producer of geothermal energy for many decades. New Zealand followed suit only fifty-years later. The United States took the risk and invested in the Geys ers Geothermal Field in California which is currently the largest producer of geothermal energy in the world. This location has five power plants and Chevron Corporation spearheads in providing geothermal energy to millions of American homes. Uses of Geothermal Energy Geothermal energy has many useful purposes, with electricity generation as its most widely-known use. Bioeconomicfuel.com cites the 5 different uses of geothermal energy (Stern, 2009): 1. Industrial and Agricultural Uses A good example of which is the role of geothermal energy in drying up timber. In New Zealand, the â€Å"Tasman Pulp and Paper Mill uses geothermal steam in heat exchangers to heat kiln air to 140?C for timber drying†( Stewart, 2009). Aside from timber, crops can also be dehydrated using geothermal energy which makes this type of energy very useful for agriculture. 2. Food Processing The food processing industry can harness the heat from geothermal energy for sterilization process as well as dryi ng. In India, Chandrasekharam (2001) published a paper that advocated the use of geothermal energy in food processing since India’s topography is viable for this type of food processing. However, the United States had already applied that concept way back in 1978 when it opened the geothermal food processing plant in Brady Hot Springs, Nevada. In fact, â€Å"More than 25 million pounds of dehydrated onion and garlic are now being processed annually in Nevada â€Å"(nrel.gov, Oct 2001). This fact just attests to the huge capacity of geothermal energy in providing clean energy at a lesser cost. 3. Electricity Generation The Geothermal Energy Market Report shows that in 2005 alone, the top ten countries used 97% of geothermal energy for electricity generation purpose (refer to Appendix A). According to the International Energy Agency, â€Å"geothermal energy currently supplies less than 1% of the world's total energy demand†. Nevertheless, it has an enormous potential t o mitigate climate changes by reducing the use of carbon fossil fuels. It is a considerable source of renewable energy. In the case of Philippines, (which is second to the United States in using geothermal energy), it has a potential to become one of the world’s largest producer of geothermal energy. Currently, geothermal energy supplies 27% of the country’s electricity (www.philippines. hvu.nl). During the World Geothermal Congress in 2000, it was declared that the â€Å"

Cicadas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cicadas - Essay Example The female lay 4-5 mm long egg on the ventral thorax. Their life cycle takes 17 years in northern species and 13 years in southern species; the two types overlap in parts of the United States. In about six weeks the wingless, scaly larvae, or nymphs, burrow into the ground, where they remain for 13 or 17 years, feeding on juices, the xylem sap, sucked from roots of the flora present in that area encompassing grasses, forbs or trees. The nymphal development takes numerous years. The nymphs molt periodically as they grow; finally the full-grown nymphs emerge, climb a short distance reaches the tree trunks, herb stem and fences, anchors itself with the help of its tarsal claws to protect itself and molts or shed their last larval skin. The winged adults generally emerge together in large numbers, live for about one week. Its nymphal shell remains as proof indicating the transition in the life cycle of the cicadas. This is also a transition from its restricted life to free life where it has freedom to fly. Cicadas are known as strong fliers with a high visual alertness. Adults feed on xylem sap and have a life span of a few weeks. Different broods mature at regular intervals, so that at least one colony is conspicuous in some part of the United States each year, and even in a given locality a brood may appear every few years. Other North American cic

How Nintendo is left brained Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How Nintendo is left brained - Essay Example This part of the brain controls the right side of the body. (Edward) CERTAIN FEATURES OF NINTENDO GAMES WITH EXAMPLES: A number of Nintendo games are available for purchase in the market. These games incorporate techniques that require analytical and logical approaches to be embedded by the player. Examples of Nintendo games involving the brain activity of the player from the left side of the brain include Donkey Kong, numerous puzzle related games such as Repton, Knights Lore, Cantlequest. Puzzle solving games involve the embedding of decision making techniques. Thompson writes about traditional puzzle games in his book â€Å"Video Games Design Revealed† in the following words: â€Å"The general format for traditional puzzle games often includes a problem that needs to be solved, followed by some kind of subtle scenario change, followed by another puzzle that needs to be solved in order to gain points or move up a hierarchy of levels.† (31). Each puzzle game introduced by the Nintendo game introduces a different decision making perspective to the player. This results in even more brainstorming on the Player’s end. In addition to puzzle solving games there are also few brain games in the Nintendo Series of video games. These games are named as the ‘Brain Training Series’ by their developer Professor Kawashima and Nintendo.